A clinical case of transient leukemia in a child with down syndrome
Abstract
Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) or transient leukemia/ transient myeloproliferative disorder refers to myeloid proliferations of Down syndrome (DS). Its occurs in approximately 5-10% of newborns with DS. Most of infants are asymptomatic and only blast cells present with circulating. Usually TAM spontaneously resolves without therapy within 3-6 months after birth. TAM can rarely causes acute leukemia. The blast cells in TAM usually have characteristic of megakaryoblasts CD41 and CD42b. TAM can rarely cause liver fibrosis. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in combination with TGF-b1 is responsible for hepatic fibrosis in such patients. The theory of the prenatal origin of TAM in the fetal liver is recognized and GATA1 mutations in-utero are responsible for infringement of megakaryocytic differentiation. It is currently unclear why TAM spontaneously resolves without any therapy. The article presents a clinical case of transient leukemia in a child withDown syndrome.
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