ANALYSIS OF THE FREQUENCIES OF MUTATIONS, ASSOCIATED WITH COLORECTAL CANCER, IN THE KRAS GENE AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE IRKUTSK REGION
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor from the elements of the epithelium of the large intestine. In economically developed countries CRC is one of the most prevalent oncological diseases. Mutations in the KRAS gene have a special practical meaning among the genetic markers of CRC. In this paper the frequency of somatic mutations, associated with CRC, in the KRAS gene of 325 patients with this pathology is shown. Genotyping, searching and analysis of mutations were established by the real-time polymerase chain reaction on Rotor-Gene Q and Rotor-Gene RG-6000 thermal cyclers and by Sangers sequencing on the “Applied Biosystems AB3500, 8 capillary” genetic analyzer. Statistical processing of data was carried out by the programs Statistika v.13.3 and Microsoft Excel. A high incidence of mutations in the KRAS gene was founded in tumors of patients with cancer of the Splenic flexion of the colon, with cancer of the Rectosigmoid junction of the colon, with cancer of the Descending colon and with cancer of the Cecum. It was revealed, that there is no correlation between the ability of CRC to metastasize and the presence of mutations in the KRAS gene. There were found the mutations, which were not registered previously in the “My Cancer Genome” database of cancer mutations.
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